Answers for five most common questions about the compressor.

Remember how you feel by completing a few dozen push-ups or run three kilometers of cross-country race. Approximately the same is the engine of your car when you drive up the hill, or "fly" on the highway.

More and more modern cars have "life-giving air, giving them an additional" force "from the turbo. Despite the fact that this unit was used in the automotive, aircraft and other engines for most of this century, only about ten years ago, turbo still considered only a "toy" for the "exotic" and "a particularly powerful" machines.

Along with the growing interest of the consumer in a higher cost and power of modern cars, turbo proved its high efficiency and practicality. Одноврeмeнно с низкими, "зализанными" аэродинамичeскими формами кузовов соврeмeнных машин их двигатeли стали мeньшe, а упор стал дeлаться на топливную экономичность. Along with the low, "zalizannymi" aerodynamic shape of the body of modern cars have become less of their engines, but the emphasis has been placed on fuel efficiency.

The concept of turbo systems: The turbine is an air pump in the ongoing movement of exhaust gases. Due to this pressure increases the flow of air entering the engine, resulting in an air-fuel mixture enters the engine and a power increase.

In some automotive engines atmospheric pressure is the maximum possible pressure at which air flow can enter the engine. Number of burned fuel in the cylinders is limited because of the amount of air entering the engine at atmospheric pressure (such motors do not turbiruyutsya).

The engine, with some of the same speed can produce more power if the cylinder will get more air / fuel mixture. The higher number of air-fuel mixture is more pressure in the cylinder and a better return. This is one of the ways to improve engine power. Turbocharged engines produce power at 30-60% higher than the same engine without turbines.

Turbocharger is an air compressor, which forced the air and then compress it and inject it into the engine (see Figure 1 turbo-compressor, and is # 1). The compressor is brought 100,000 rpm. through the turbines (see picture of turbo-compressor, and is # 2). The turbine with the compressor connected via the shaft (see photo of turbo-compressor, and is # 3). When the turbine starts to rotate, it rotates the compressor through the shaft. The turbine rotates at the expense of the exhaust gas coming from the engine, after which the exhaust gases enter the exhaust system.

As already mentioned above increases the efficiency of turbo-engine power in the 30-60 per cent. Thus, when it is installed 4-cylinder power unit provides the parameters of 6 - and even 8-cylinder engines, and all this while maintaining high efficiency!

1. HOW TURBOCOMPRESSOR INCREASING Engine?

Power is developing the engine, depends on the amount of air mixed with fuel, which may be made to the engine. If you want to increase engine power, you need to increase the number of supplied air, and fuel. Filing a larger amount of fuel will not effect until not appear adequate for the amount of combustion air, otherwise there excess unburnt fuel, which leads to engine overheating, which is the same with much dymit.

Turbo increases engine power by giving it the necessary amount of compressed air sufficient for complete combustion of fuel increased dose. Therefore, in the same working volume and the same speed, we get a great power. In addition, the improved combustion process that enhances the characteristics of the engine in a broad range of speed (sm.vrezku).

2. HOW DOES TURBOCOMPRESSOR?

The main parts of any turbo are the turbine and centrifugal air pump connected to each other using a common rigid axis. Both of these elements rotate in one direction and at the same velocity (and huge - about 100,000 rpm!). Energy flow of exhaust gases, which in conventional engines is not used, this translates into a torque, driving the compressor.

Output from the engine cylinder exhaust gas is transferred to the turbine impeller, which converts their kinetic energy into mechanical energy of rotation (torque). The compressor (which is a similar impeller installed at the other end of the axis) sucks fresh air through the air filter, compresses it, and gives an in-cylinder engine. The amount of fuel that can be mixed with air, and you can zoom, which allows the engine to develop a great power.

There are also many other structures of turbochargers.

3. WHAT CAN I INSTALL ENGINES TURBOCOMPRESSOR?

Turbochargers can be equipped with any internal combustion engine: diesel, petrol or on gas, with liquid or air cooling. Turbocompressors used as the engines of large capacity (ship, locomotive and stationary), and the engines of trucks and cars. Also, it is immaterial whether the two-or four-stroke engines.

At present, almost all large diesel engines power more than 150 kW that are used in industry, shipbuilding, the road construction works, equipped with TURBOCOMPRESSOR (sometimes even more).

In the field of road transport is now almost any diesel engine capacity exceeding 80 kW is standard equipped with TURBOCOMPRESSOR. Even in the small diesel-fueled vehicles, there they spread.


Parish turbochargers for gasoline engines has been more difficult, but was accelerated due to the experience of their use in the ring Stave v ŽIVO and rally. Increased production of materials with high temperature characteristics, improving the quality of motor oils, the use of liquid cooled turbo shell, electronic control regulating valves - all contributed to the fact that these units were used on low volume of gasoline engines, which in combination with fuel injection and electronic ignition to achieve very high performance.

4. Does TURBOCOMPRESSOR of service?

No. But since it is lubricated with oil from the engine lubrication system, the problem with this system, "otzovutsya" and the turbo. Usually, the lack of oil leads to severe deterioration and malfunction.

Signs of turbo failure may include: reduced engine power, black or bluish smoke from the exhaust pipe, increased consumption of engine oil and turbo noise at work.

Note. Keep in mind that these signs do not necessarily indicate failure turbo - first of all you need to inspect the engine and suspension components.

At the engine is running normally, which is timely and properly served, turbo without denial may work for many years.

Any turbo repairs should be carried out only in a specialized shop, since it requires special knowledge, skills and equipment. In addition, in carrying out any work with the unit should be perfect cleanliness, as even one grain of sand to go into turbo can take it out of order.

5. HOW TO SAVE LIFE TURBOCOMPRESSOR?

One need only follow the recommendations of the manufacturer of car. According to one major analysis firms, only about 30% of the owners of "turbo" cars to implement these recommendations. Therefore, many problems with TURBOCOMPRESSOR occur only as a result of neglect by those rules. And they are as follows:

After a cold start, at least 5 minutes, do not let the high speed to enable the well-oiled clockwork turbo.

Before you switch off the engine after a high load or a long trip, leave it to work at least 1 minute at idle speed. If you just kill the engine operating at high speed, turbo will be a time to rotate without lubricant, because the oil pump quit. In doing so, damaged bearings and the ring unit.

Do not forget to regularly replace the engine oil and oil filter. Keep in mind that the high temperatures that occurred when turbo, reduces the effectiveness and durability of oil. Therefore, it filled only oil which is suitable for "turbo" engines.

Follow these rules, you will provide long and reliable turbo. Remember the golden rule: the disease easier to prevent than to cure.

BENEFITS Turbo Engine

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The ratio of "weight / power" of the engine TURBOCOMPRESSOR higher than that of air.
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Engine with TURBOCOMPRESSOR less cumbersome than the atmospheric engine of the same capacity.
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The curve of engine torque to TURBOCOMPRESSOR may be better adapted to the specific conditions of use. Thus, for example, the driver of a heavy truck will be much less likely to switch the transmission on a mountain road, and the drive will be more "lenient".
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Engine with TURBOCOMPRESSOR almost immune to significant change of altitude, while the air at high altitude is losing power.
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Engine with TURBOCOMPRESSOR better combustion. Proof of this is the decrease fuel consumption by trucks to the high mileage.
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Since the turbo improves combustion, it also helps to reduce the toxicity of exhaust gases.
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The engine, equipped with TURBOCOMPRESSOR works more stable than its atmospheric analogue of the same power as being smaller in size, it produces less noise. In addition, the turbo is also playing the role of the muffler in the exhaust system.